This only began to change in the 1970s, partly due to the discovery and development of In the second half of the 20th century the Labour Party usually won most Scottish seats in the Westminster parliament, losing this dominance briefly to the After World War II, Scotland's economic situation became progressively worse due to overseas competition, inefficient industry, and industrial disputes.
Standard patterns of graduation in the arts curriculum offered 3-year ordinary and 4-year honours degrees and separate science faculties were able to move away from the compulsory Latin, Greek and philosophy of the old MA curriculum.The years before the First World War were the golden age of the inshore fisheries.
The politically powerless poor crofters embraced the popularly oriented, fervently evangelical Presbyterian The population of Scotland grew steadily in the 19th century, from 1,608,000 in the census of 1801 to 2,889,000 in 1851 and 4,472,000 in 1901.
From 1830 the state began to fund buildings with grants, then from 1846 it was funding schools by direct sponsorship, and in 1872 Scotland moved to a system like that in England of state-sponsored largely free schools, run by local school boards.At the beginning of the 19th century, Scottish universities had no entrance exam, students typically entered at ages of 15 or 16, attended for as little as two years, chose which lectures to attend and could leave without qualifications. As a result, the Unionists were able to gain most of the votes of the middle classes, who now feared With all the main parties committed to the Union, new nationalist and independent political groupings began to emerge, including the In World War II, despite extensive bombing by the Luftwaffe, Scottish industry came out of the depression slump by a dramatic expansion of its industrial activity, absorbing unemployed men and many women as well.
The decline of traditional industries between the wars undermined recruitment. The story of how the gospel came to Scotland is shrouded in mystery. Landings reached new heights, and Scottish catches dominated Europe's herring trade,Scotland played a major role in the British effort in the First World War.With a population of 4.8 million in 1911, Scotland sent 690,000 men to the war, of whom 74,000 died in combat or from disease, and 150,000 were seriously wounded.A boom was created by the First World War, with the shipbuilding industry expanding by a third, but a serious depression hit the economy by 1922.A few industries did grow, such as chemicals and whisky, which developed a global market for premium "Scotch".After World War I the Liberal Party began to disintegrate and Labour emerged as the party of progressive politics in Scotland, gaining a solid following among working classes of the urban lowlands. This is a timeline of Scottish history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Scotland and its predecessor states.To read about the background to these events, see History of Scotland.See also the list of Scottish monarchs, list of British monarchs, list of First Ministers of Scotland, and list of years in Scotland. The vast majority of these were sold by auction to pay creditors. In rural communities this obliged local landowners (heritors) to provide a schoolhouse and pay a schoolmaster, while ministers and local A "democratic myth" emerged in the 19th century to the effect that many a "lad of pairts" had been able to rise up through the system to take high office and that literacy was much more widespread in Scotland than in neighbouring states, particularly England. The egalitarian and emotional aspects of Calvinism appealed to men and women alike.
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