Kurdistan is one of the most mountainous regions in the world with a The region north of the mountainous region on the border with Iran and Turkey features meadow grasses and such wild trees as, Mountains are important geographical and symbolic features of Kurdish life, as evidenced by the saying "Kurds have no friends but the mountains. Mountains in Iraqi Kurdistan include the Zagros, Sinjar Mountains, Hamrin Mountains, Mount Nisir and Qandil mountains.There are many rivers running through the region, which is distinguished by its fertile lands, plentiful water, and picturesque nature. Displaced families – and particularly those originally from Ninewa and Salah al-Din and settled in camps in the KRI – report on average poorer indicators at all levels.Hence, KRI families currently enjoy an adequate living standard: nearly all possess most common household appliances, three quarter of all families own the house they live in – which is connected to the public water and electricity networks and equipped with sanitation facilities.Nevertheless, challenges remain and 87% of households have a monthly income of less than 1,000,000 Iraqi Dinar (approximately 850 United States dollars). the fourth is Jeezera ul Omar, a city on an island in the Tigris, and corresponding to the ancient Bezabde. Iraq and Syria dammed many of these rivers and their tributaries, and Turkey has an extensive dam system under construction as part of the In November 2011, Exxon challenged the Iraqi central government's authority with the signing of oil and gas contracts for exploration rights to six parcels of land in Kurdistan, including one contract in the disputed territories, just east of the Kirkuk mega-field.As of July 2007, the Kurdish government solicited foreign companies to invest in 40 new oil sites, with the hope of increasing regional oil production over the following five years by a factor of five, to about 1 million barrels per day (160,000 mOther mineral resources that exist in significant quantities in the region include In July 2012, Turkey and the Kurdistan Regional Government signed an agreement by which Turkey will supply the KRG with refined petroleum products in exchange for crude oil. Iraqi Kurdistan also contains Christian minorities (about 100,000) and Turkmen (500,000), as well as 1.8 million refugees and displaced persons. Lower Curdistan comprises all the level tract to the east of the Tigris, and the minor ranges immediately bounding the plains and reaching thence to the foot of the great range, which may justly be denominated the Alps of western Asia.The northern, northwestern and northeastern parts of Kurdistan are referred to as upper Kurdistan, and includes the areas from west of Amed to Lake Urmia.
Three decades ago, when the last population census was conducted in Iraq, the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) still had rapid population growth, with half of the population under the age of 15. The Kurdish people are the majority population in this province, and they speak Sorani - Kurdish which is a northwestern Iranian language . According to the last census conducted in 2006, the four Kurdish-inhabited provinces in Iran – West Azerbaijan, Kermanshah Province, Kurdistan Province and Ilam Province – have a total population of 6,730,000. Three decades ago, when the last population census was conducted in Iraq, the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) still had rapid population growth, with half of the population under the age of 15. The recent economic crisis has also squeezed the already limited private sector, to the point that it now barely employs 30% of the workforce. East and south east of Betlis is the principality of Julamerick, south west of it is the principality of Amadia. Il capoluogo è Sanandaj . The main cities in this area are Kirkuk and Arbil. Today, KRI is about to enter the “demographic window” and a substantial decline in the fertility rates is moving the population towards demographic stability. Pockets of Lurs inhabit the southern areas of Ilam Province. The comparison between urban and rural indicators shows a gap remains: rural populations are, on average, younger (with 37% of under the age of 15), though younger generations are catching up the lag in the decline of birth rates.This demographic shift has been accompanied and sustained by the establishment of a de facto autonomous Kurdistan Region under United Nations auspices in 1991. As a result, the KRI has experienced very different conditions from the rest of Iraq: it has witnessed virtually no violence during the 2003 United States-led invasion and, as a consequence, has enjoyed a better security environment in subsequent years. "region of Kurds") is a roughly defined geo-cultural historical region wherein the Kurdish people form a prominent majority population and Kurdish culture, languages, and national identity have historically been based. The word "Kurdistan" is first attested in 11th century Iraqi Kurdistan first gained autonomous status in a 1970 agreement with the Iraqi government, and its status was re-confirmed as the Some historians have correlated a connection between Corduene with the modern names of Kurds and Kurdistan;Some of the ancient districts of Kurdistan and their corresponding modern names:In the 16th century, after prolonged wars, Kurdish-inhabited areas were split between the A 2010 US report, written before the instability in Syria and Iraq that exists as of 2014, attested that "Kurdistan may exist by 2030".The incorporation into Turkey of the Kurdish-inhabited regions of eastern Anatolia was opposed by many Kurds, and has resulted in a long-running separatist conflict in which thousands of lives have been lost.
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